Early Christians were charged by pagans with being guilty of sedition and of conducting immoral gatherings in secret. Emperor Nero burned Christians on certain occasions to light his palace gardens. Domitian had persecuted believers because he was suspicious of their religious associations and their possible political ambitions. In Trajan’s time, about 100, Christians could be tried at will and punished with death if they were found guilty. This policy of judicial procedure was followed for 150 years. Prominent leaders at various times were victims of intolerance, including Ignatius, Polycarp, and Justin. Outbreaks of active persecution were severe at times in certain provinces, notably North Africa. After an outbreak of hostility in the reign of Septimius Severus Christians enjoyed a long period of immunity. This was favorable for the rapid growth of the church. Alarmed at this growth Emperor Decius inaugurated a renewed policy of suppression during his short reign; which was followed by Valerian, who adopted the same policy. Large numbers of persons were arrested and tortured, and many of them were put to death. Those who endured the persecution faithfully were spoken of as “confessors” and were honored by their fellow Christians. Again a period of toleration ensued for forty years, followed by the worst of all the persecutions, which raged for years.
Impact: The faithfulness of Christian martyrs had a great influence on those who witnessed their courage and, as a result, countless men and women converted to the faith.