Benedict of Nursia (c. 480-c. 543) studied in Rome but left because of his despair over the corruption he saw. He retired to a cave in seclusion for about three years. In 529 he moved to a remote but beautiful mountain location between Rome and Naples. Here he founded the monastery of Monte Cassino. This effort marked the beginning of monasticism. He presided over the order for 14 years, during which time he composed the Benedictine Rule. The Rule is organized in four parts: at the head of each monastery is an abbot; vows, including poverty and chastity, must be taken; manual labor and education are expected, and in all things, simplicity and order must be upheld.
Impact: The Benedictine Rule became the standard upon which all other monastic orders were built and organized.